Exact thermo-mechanical response of functionally graded cylinders under combined loading

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are advanced materials with varying material properties directionally. The material properties, such as elastic modulus, density, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion coefficient, improve by combining different materials. The structure thus offers a better strength-to-weight ratio, thermal resistance, and durability in critical harsh environments. In the present study, material properties follow a power law for material gradation along the thickness of the cylinder. Navier's approach is followed to solve the second-order governing differential equations with the assumption of a plane stress condition to eliminate the complexity of differential equations, and MATLAB was used to solve stress and deformation variation analytically and for visualization. This research aims to provide an exact solution to stress and deformation for different real-life complex loading conditions with material non-homogeneity. It is essential to analyze various loading conditions to maximize the structure's lifecycle, minimizing the stresses induced. This analysis provides valuable insight to enhance the performance, reliability, and integrity of structures in the fields of aerospace, defense, mechanical, and civil. This research also provides a prominent connection for practical application to designing/analysis.