Carbonization of biomass wastes for solid fuel and adsorbent applications

Biomass waste treatment via carbonization has drawn considerable attention due to its applications such as a solid fuel and an adsorbents for wastewater. The characteristics of carbonized products can be influenced by various factors including selection of biomass waste, carbonization temperature, duration, and pretreatment technologies adopted during the process. Indeed, the conversion of biomass waste into the carbonized product presents the sustainable approach to deal with increasing biomass waste responding to the growing energy demands and the need for emerging contaminant removal. This paper provides a brief review of current re-search trends and advancements in biomass carbonization, along with proposed carbonization system design for a sustainable approach. Emphasis is placed on the value-added products through carbonized biomass waste, highlighting its significance towards a sustainable society along with the carbon-neutral system.