A vast amount of natural resources are required to produce concretes due to industrialisation and urbanisation, indicating that large quantities of raw materials are being utilised worldwide. The use of industrial wastes as an aggregate in concrete is highly recommended to promote sustainable development by reducing the consumption of natural resources. Agricultural wastes are available in large amounts, thereby making them an acceptable and reliable solution for aggregate in concrete. In this study, natural aggregates, such as coconut shell and oil palm shell, were replaced with normal coarse aggregate. The properties of concrete, such as workability, density, compressive strength in different curing regimes, splitting tensile strength, Young
Alireza Javadi Pordesari: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Payam Shafigh: Centre for Building, Construction and Tropical Architecture (BuCTA), Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Zainah Ibrahim: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Muhammad Aslam: Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology,Institute of Southern Punjab, 60000 Multan, Pakistan
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