Topology optimization to convert shear-walls into high-performance trusses in modular parking structures

Traditional prefabricated shear walls used in parking structures are typically too heavy, and the central openings for lighting significantly impair their mechanical performance. The exceptional properties of UHPC and steel enable enhanced component performance with reduced cross-sectional areas. This study employs topology optimization in ABAQUS to convert solid shear walls into truss-like configurations. Subsequent steel/UHPC trusses are designed based on the optimized topology. The optimization ensures that daylighting opening are met without compromising structural performance. The optimized truss structures were analyzed using ABAQUS, demonstrating that despite being lighter and having a higher opening ratio, the optimized trusses feature a rational arrangement of tension and compression members, resulting in improved load-bearing capacity and ductility.