Evaluation of the parameters affecting the Schmidt rebound hammer reading using ANFIS method

Ali Toghroli, Ehsan Darvishmoghaddam, Yousef Zandi, Mahdi Parvan, Maryam Safa, Mu\'azu Mohammed Abdullahi, Abbas Heydari, Karzan Wakil, Saad A.M. Gebreel and Majid Khorami

Abstract

As a nondestructive testing method, the Schmidt rebound hammer is widely used for structural health monitoring. During application, a Schmidt hammer hits the surface of a concrete mass. According to the principle of rebound, concrete strength depends on the hardness of the concrete energy surface. Study aims to identify the main variables affecting the results of Schmidt rebound hammer reading and consequently the results of structural health monitoring of concrete structures using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The ANFIS process for variable selection was applied for this purpose. This procedure comprises some methods that determine a subsection of the entire set of detailed factors, which present analytical capability. ANFIS was applied to complete a flexible search. Afterward, this method was applied to conclude how the five main factors (namely, age, silica fume, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water) used in designing concrete mixture influence the Schmidt rebound hammer reading and consequently the structural health monitoring accuracy. Results show that water is considered the most significant parameter of the Schmidt rebound hammer reading. The details of this study are discussed thoroughly.

Key Words

ANFIS; variable selection; Schmidt rebound hammer; structural health monitoring; concrete mix design

Address

Ali Toghroli, Ehsan Darvishmoghaddam, Maryam Safa: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Yousef Zandi, Mahdi Parvan: Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran Mu\'azu Mohammed Abdullahi: Department of Civil Engineering, Jubail University College, Royal Commission of Jubail and Yanbu, Jubail 31961, Saudi Arabia Abbas Heydari: Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran Karzan Wakil: University of Human Development, Iraq; Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Iraq Saad A.M. Gebreel: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, El-Beida, Libya Majid Khorami: Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial, Calle Rumipamba s/n y Bourgeois, Quito 170508, Ecuador

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