Modelling time-dependent cracking inrnreinforced concrete using bond-slip Interface elements

A two-dimensional nonlinear finite element model is developed to simulate time-dependentrncracking of reinforced concrete members under service loads. To predict localized cracking, the crackrnband model is employed to model individual crack opening. In conjunction with the crack band model, arnbond-interface element is used to model the slip between concrete and reinforcing steel permitting largernslip displacements between the concrete element nodes and the steel truss element nodes at crackrnopenings. The time-dependent effects of concrete creep and shrinkage are incorporated into the smearedrncrack model as inelastic pre-strains in an iterative solution procedure. Two test examples are shown tornverify the finite element model with good agreement between the model and the observed test results.