This study investigates the complex relationship between physical activity and hemodynamic changes in the circulatory system using advanced mechanical and mathematical modeling. Under dynamic load, blood vessels are portrayed as microtubular structures, allowing for precise characterization of their biomechanical responses to exercise-induced forces. The microscale effects of pulsatile blood flow caused by physical exertion are accurately captured by the proposed model, which combines classical beam and tube theories with the size-dependent modified couple stress theory. The governing equations are solved using a rigorous numerical framework, allowing for detailed analysis of stress-strain distributions, wall shear stress, and vascular deformation across a wide range of hemodynamic conditions. The results show that exercise-induced shear stresses and pressure variations help to strengthen vascular walls, emphasizing sports' critical role in improving vascular resilience. This study combines sports physiology and biomechanical engineering to provide a predictive framework for assessing athletic training-induced vascular adaptations. By emphasizing the importance of exercise in cardiovascular health, the study provides valuable insights for optimizing training regimens and developing targeted rehabilitation strategies. This interdisciplinary approach improves our understanding of hemodynamic behavior in physically active people, paving the way for novel applications in sports medicine and vascular health management.
Zimin Chang, Kai Wang and Yuan Wan — College of Sports and Health, Nanchang Institute of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330108, Jiangxi, China
Mostafa Habibi — Universidad UTE, Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, Calle Rumipamba S/N y Bourgeois, Quito 170147, Ecuador/ Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India/ Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
Belgacem Bouallegue — Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, ABHA, 61421, Saudi Arabia
Xioadao Chen — Department of Physical Education, Guangdong University of Finance, Guangzhou 510521, Guangdong, China/ Institute Sciences and Design of AL-Kharj, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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