Nanoparticle-infused oils for improved lubrication and wear resistance in internal combustion engines: Exploring nanoscience applications in automotive parts

Wear from friction is a major cause of component failure in internal combustion engines, as parts frequently come into contact with each other. Engine oils are used to lubricate these parts and minimize wear. A common approach to reducing friction is to use higher-viscosity oils, which form a thicker protective film between moving components, preventing direct contact. However, while thicker oils can reduce wear, they also increase the energy required to keep the engine running, leading to higher power dissipation. In recent years, the use of nanoparticle-infused lubricants has gained attention for their ability to improve surface properties, enhance heat transfer, boost engine efficiency, and lower maintenance costs. This study explores the effects of adding nanoparticles to engine oils, focusing on their impact on the lubrication and wear resistance of gears and other automotive parts. The results revealed that oils with a higher concentration of nanoparticles significantly reduced the coefficient of friction and wear on stationary discs, confirming the superior lubricating performance of nanoparticle-infused oils. Furthermore, the pressure and anti-wear characteristics of these nano-oils were evaluated, showing marked improvements over conventional oils without nanoparticles.