Stability analysis of projectile discs reinforced by orthopaedic nanomaterials

The comprehensive stability analysis of projectile discs reinforced with orthopaedic nanomaterials has been performed in this research using advanced multiphysical coupling effects. The structural model was developed as an eccentrically mounted annular plate, with piezo-magnetic patches incorporated into the design, allowing for the analysis of magnetic – electric field coupled interactions. The effective material properties of the orthopaedic nanocomposite were calculated using a modified Halpin-Tsai technique using the actual nanoscale reinforcement and anisotropic properties found in orthopaedic composites. The governing equations were formulated based on the theory of first order shear deformation, which provided an accurate representation of shear deformation in moderately thick discs. Compatibility conditions were imposed between the composite and the piezo-magnetic interfaces for continuity. The formulation contains both the strength components of the magnetic - electric fields and their corresponding potentials, enabling a full magneto-electro-elastic analysis. Hamilton's principle enables the development of a variational approach to modelling the system, producing a set of related differential equations, which govern the dynamic stability characteristics of the system. The differential equations are discretised in an efficient manner and solved accurately using the transformed differential quadrature method (TDQM), yielding very high numerical accuracy at a low overall computational cost. Parametric studies are performed to examine the effect of nanomaterial reinforcement, geometric eccentricity, and external magnetic/electric field parameters on the stability characteristics of the discs of projectiles. The results clearly show that the structural stability and tunability of orthopaedic nanomaterials are greatly enhanced by applying multi-physical loads. The framework proposed opens up new opportunities to develop and optimize advanced smart composite structures in aerospace, biomedical, and defense applications.