Hydrodynamic modeling and dimensioning of an oil-water separator with automated control

The treatment of oil-contaminated industrial wastewater presents a significant challenge due to its associated environmental and economic implications. While this research proposes a simple automated system, based on three valve separator controlled by conductivity sensor, it explores the fundamental principles governing the separation and removal of immiscible oils from wastewater, offering a practical approach to separator design. This article examines the factors influencing oil-water separation efficiency, including key physical properties of the oil (density and viscosity), oil droplet size, and the flow rate of the influent water. Furthermore, the importance of optimized operating conditions, such as maintaining the flow stability within the laminar system, is addressed. The impact of minimum influent water flow rate on oil separator dimensions, specifically length and width, and the relationship between these dimensions and flow regime stability are also investigated. A theoretical analysis of spherical oil droplet trajectory, incorporating relevant influencing parameters, is presented for the design and dimensioning of the oil separator. A two-compartment oil separator model is presented. The first compartment functions as a sludge collector, facilitating the sedimentation of solids such as seeds and mud. The second compartment enables oil-water separation via flotation and decantation, exploiting the lower density of oils relative to the wastewater. The oil separator incorporates an inlet and two outlet ports, each equipped with solenoid valves for automated control. These valves are actuated by a conductivity sensor. A process flow diagram detailing the automated operation of the three solenoid valves is provided.