Carbon nanotube cementitious composites model with pore conductivity for ship-bridge collision monitoring

This study introduces a novel carbon nanotube (CNT) cementitious composite sensor developed using pore conductivity theory to address durability and structural compatibility requirements for monitoring ship-bridge collisions in marine environments. The sensor employs a dual-channel sensing mechanism by integrating CNT networks with conductive pathways formed by electrolyte solutions within cement pores. Experimental results demonstrate high sensing accuracy across sensors with varying slenderness ratios, achieving axial and lateral errors under 8%. Notably, sensors with a 1:4 slenderness ratio exhibit significantly enhanced resistance change rates under axial loading, up to 281% within a 10 kN lateral load range. Impact tests further confirm strong correlation between electrical signals and strain gauge measurements when collision speeds range between 1-2 m/s, validating real-time collision damage monitoring capabilities. This research establishes design principles for pore conductivity-based CNT cement sensors while providing theoretical foundations for smart concrete applications in shipbridge collision monitoring.