Inelastic seismic behavior of structures under multicomponent ground motion: Present status, limitations, and future challenges

The present paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of the inelastic seismic behavior of structures under multicomponent earthquake ground motion. A significant share of the existing literature in this field is limited to unidirectional ground motion, which may considerably underestimate the seismic demand. Particularly, the literature on the effect of the interaction of deformations along two orthogonal directions of columns in the post-elastic ranges is relatively small. The pros and cons of existing studies on this particular aspect are explained in detail, highlighting the need for incorporation of the presence of axial force in columns. Further, the present study examines the code provisions to consider the effect of multicomponent ground motion. In addition, a brief overview of the influence of the angle of incidence of ground motion on structures is also provided. The need for further research on pushover analysis (a less computationally intensive alternative to time history analysis) is also highlighted. Finally, computational research may be supplemented by at least a few experimental research though it is too costly. Challenges in different walks of post-elastic range behavior are presented concisely. Thus, the study may be helpful to the researcher working in this field.