Study on seismic behaviour and seismic design methods in transverse direction of shield tunnels

In order to investigate the seismic behavior and seismic design methods in the transverse<br />direction of a shield tunnel, a series of model shaking table tests and a two-dimensional finite element<br />dynamic analysis on the tests are carried out. Two kinds of static analytical methods based on ground-tunnel<br />composite finite element model and beam-spring element model are proposed, and the validity of<br />the static analyses is verified by model shaking table tests. The investigation concerns the dynamic<br />response behavior of a tunnel and the ground, the interaction between the tunnel and ground, and an<br />evaluation of different seismic design methods. Results of the investigation indicate that the shield tunnel<br />follows the surrounding ground in displacement and dynamic characteristics in the transverse direction;<br />also, the static analytical methods proposed by the authors can be used directly as the seismic design<br />methods in the transverse direction of a shield tunnel.