Finding the optimum shape of the energy dissipator to minimize the impact force due to the dam break flow

Asrini Chrysanti , Sangyoung Son

Abstract

The sudden release of water from a dam failure can trigger bores on a flat surface and exert substantial impact forces on structures. This flow poses a high-risk flood hazard to downstream urban areas, making it imperative to study its impact on structures and devise effective energy dissipators to mitigate its force. In this study, a combination of Genetic Algorithm optimization and numerical modeling is employed to identify the optimal energy dissipator. The analysis reveals that a round arc-shaped structure proves most effective, followed by a triangular shape. These shapes offer wide adaptability in terms of structure dimensions. Structures with higher elevation, especially those with round or triangular shapes, demonstrate superior energy dissipation capabilities. Conversely, square-shaped structures necessitate minimal height to minimize impact forces. The optimal width for dissipating energy is found to be 0.9 meters, allowing for effective wave run-up and propagation. Furthermore, the force exerted on structures increases with higher initial water levels, but diminishes with distance from the dam, highlighting the importance of placement in mitigating impact forces.

Key Words

dam break; energy dissipator; genetic algorithm; lateral force; optimization; structure shape

Address

Asrini Chrysanti — Graduate School of Water Resources Management, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
Sangyoung Son — School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 45 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea

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